Stavropol area. An ancient-geographical part throughout the Russian Federation located in the main area from Subcaucasia, amongst the Kuban River (and Kuban area) on western, the latest Terek part towards the the southern part of, the newest Wear area into northern, the brand new Kalmyk Autonomous Republic with the northeast, and the countries of one’s Caucasian hill peoples south and you can southwestern. The fresh new Stavropol area basically matches during the territory on the former Stavropol gubernia (in its 18611920 border, 59,500 sq km) while the later on Stavropol krai, reduced brand new Karachai-Cherkess Autonomous oblast (66,500 sq km).
Bodily geography. The big part of the Stavropol area are filled of the Stavropol Upland; new lesser bit enjoys elements of the fresh new Caspian Lowland on east, the brand new Kuma-Manych Anxiety about northern, while the foothills of your Caucasus Mountains regarding the southwestern. The fresh new climate of your own Stavropol region try transformation, away from temperate continental about west so you’re able to drier and continental regarding eastern. The larger of these include the Yegorlyk (hence flows with the Manych), the brand new Kalaus, this new Kuma, and also the Kuban and its own upper tributaries, this new Velykyi Zelenchuk while the Malyi Zelenchuk (see Zelenchuk canals). River water can be used for irrigation. Brief, primarily saline lakes abound; the greatest is the slim however, 160-km-enough time River Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
But the located Stavropol region remained sparsely populated from the nomadic Nogay Tatars (a good Turkic-speaking some body) and you may Kalmyk anyone (good Mongol-speaking class), just who to one another numbered in the 80,000
The grounds on the western and you can main the main Stavropol region is actually some chernozems and chestnut earth; on the eastern and you can northeast they become light chestnut. New absolute vegetation as well as alter eastward having decreasing humidity, out-of meadow fescuefeather yard steppe so you can dead fescuefeather turf steppe then semidesert plants of wormwood, lifeless fescue, and feather lawn. In the a lot more humid part of the Stavropol Upland as well as in the newest Caucasus hills the newest natural plant life try forest-steppe with pine-hornbeam-beech forests. Today both steppe together with forest-steppe are nearly entirely removed to have agriculture.
Background. In the mid-16th century the fresh new Caucasus therefore the Stavropol part started initially to become into the connection with Muscovite colonization. From the 16th pure reviews and you will seventeenth many years Subcaucasia experienced new roots of Cossack colonization (the newest Wear Cossacks regarding the west while the Terek Cossacks inside the the eastern). Caucasian slope individuals, the latest Karachai and Cherkess, lived in new mountain tops of one’s part.
Early in the new 18th century the latest Stavropol area nominally turned into part of the Russian Kingdom. Permanent agreements, yet not, weren’t created until the past one-fourth of your own century, when, for the 177780, the fresh new Russian authorities built a type of forts, the latest Mozdok-Azov line, that have headquarters on Stavropol, so you’re able to hold the Caucasian slope peoples. Because of the 1785 the brand new Stavropol area formed section of Caucasus oblast, which had been redesignated a gubernia when you look at the 1802. Following multiple term transform it had been designated since Stavropol gubernia for the 1847. Their limits have been in the end fixed into the 1861, whether it try broke up out-of Terek oblast. In contrast to Kuban oblast and you may Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (due to the fact 1898) wasn’t part of Caucasus krai.
Through to the 1930s brand new Stavropol region are settled by the each other Ukrainians and Russians, and constituted an integral part of contiguous, albeit blended, Ukrainian ethnographic territory
The brand new Russian government advertised the new fast colonization of your own Stavropol part to help you present a bottom to have armed forces procedures throughout the Caucasus. Element of one point try attained by the fresh granting preference tracts out-of homes to Russian noblemen, exactly who compensated them with its serfs. An even more extreme factor in colonization, but not, are the brand new spontaneous payment of the county peasants who were unimpeded of the this new main bodies. In reality this new purple authorities legalized extant claims into ukase out-of 1804 and you can considering help to people that has compensated for the new Stavropol area. Towards the end of one’s 1850s the population out-of Stavropol gubernia got increased to 340,000 (5.5 people each sq km). The just urban area, Stavropol, became from around 3,000 residents inside the 1800 in order to 17,600 owners from inside the 1853. Many densely compensated components have been brand new steppes within Yegorlyk and the Kalaus canals additionally the Kalaus River valley. The people out of Stavropol gubernia (plus Terek oblast) inside 1853 contained forty eight.eight % Cossacks, thirty two percent condition peasants, sixteen.2 percent nomadic herders, and you can 3.one percent serfs while others.